| Duxford
Flying Legends 2002 Gloster Gladiator display |
| My interest in aircraft
ranges from world war two up to the present day, so what's this biplane
doing here? Well, believe it or not, this Gloster Gladiator
is one of the front-line fighter planes serving in the Royal Air Force
when Britain entered world war two! The prototype first flew
near the end of 1934, they entered service in 1937, and production only
ended in 1940. |
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| The Gladiator was
a real export success, with 747 planes eventually being flown by Australia,
Belgium, China, Finland, Greece, Iraq, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway,
Portugal, South Africa, Sweden and... the German Luftwaffe, who captured
several of the Baltic planes intact and used them as glider and target
tugs until the end of 1944. |
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| The Gladiator was
Britain's last biplane fighter plane and its first with an enclosed cockpit.
It was a transitional aircraft, with relatively heavy armament of four
machine guns. |
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| However, within
a year the monoplane Hawker Hurricane fighter first flew, 80 miles per
hour faster and with eight machine guns. |
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| Despite
being obsolete, the British were forced to use this plane in combat.
Winston Churchill had loudly and repeatedly warned throughout the 1930s
that Britain's air force was falling behind that of Germany, but the full
extent of the gap only became clear when Germany invaded France on the
very day in May of 1940 when Churchill became prime minister. |
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| Two British squadrons
used the Gladiator in France, but they were hopelessly outclassed.
The four machine guns of the Gladiator, including two visible in this photo
mounted under the wing, were no match for the two machine guns and cannon
of their main opponent, the Messerschmitt
Bf109. |
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| Worse
yet, they were too slow even to engage many of the enemy's bombers, let
alone their fighters. |
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| The
only real advantage the Gladiator had was its maneuverability.
As a biplane, it could turn and bank faster than any of the monoplanes
it fought against. Many were shot down in France, and although
one squadron served in the Battle of Britain, defending the Devonport dockyards
at Plymouth, they were soon withdrawn from service in Britain. |
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|
Overseas, the shortages of aircraft were so severe that Gladiators continued
in service for some time, especially in North Africa and the Mediterranean.
By far the most famous use of the Gladiator was on the island of Malta,
one of Britain's last toeholds in the Mediterranean. Lying
very close to Sicily, the island was repeatedly bombed, and in the early
stages of the siege only three Gladiators, named Faith, Hope and Charity,
kept the Italian Air Force at bay, until hurricanes arrived in July of
1940.
The remains of one of these three aircraft is apparently still displayed
in Malta. |
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